Notes on Decision Making and Rational Choice Richard N. Lebow's "Between Peace and War"

Jervis?s argument as to why decisivenesss at determine ar not initially rational- Individual Human Characteristics (pp.105-106)- cognitive ConsistencyPeople tend to think that other people hold the equivalent determine and beliefs and thus follow the same thinking formula as them. -Irrational ConsistencyThe pursuit of consistency becomes irrational if it closes the policy-makers mind from dealing better alternatives. Aspects are:i. Powerful stopping point, belief preservation- confronted with bracing discipline that is hard to comprehend, people may ignore the new education in order to preserve their previous beliefs on which to theme their ending. ii. Desensitisatin to ? manage offs?- If a person favours one decision preceding(prenominal) all others, they may not take into consideration the ? sell offs? that would occur through making that decision. iii. Post-decision rationalisation- After a decision, in that respect is the tendency to justify the decision made to others to deem oneself. Janis and Mann?s theory on decision making (pp.109)1.Decision makers are homosexual beings- therefore they need positive reinforcement and prime(prenominal) to see what they indispensableness to see, which can make the weighing up of factors in a decision biased. (NB alike to Jervis: Powerful close/ tactile sensation Preservation and Desensitisation to ?trade offs?)2.If the perceived risks of a decision are seen as serious, they?ll find another(prenominal) course of action- Could assume to Bolstering ? picking the safest option and then consummation to exaggerate the benefits. 3.

If no suitable alternative can be found = tense! ness which leads to-over evaluation-over sensitivity (Hypervigilance)-ignorance of new information (NB Similar to Jervis: Powerful Determination/ Belief Preservation)?Both note the insufficiency of empirical info supporting the topic of rational excerption decision making, imputable to the overwhelming and uncontrollable amount of variables in any seek for empirical data. ProcessRational ChoiceFailure of Rational ChoiceCognitive and AffectiveDefining GoalsGoals are defined according to values and preferencesWhims and personality of the individual affecting which... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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